R160 Swap

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Revision as of 07:47, 19 May 2019

The Hitachi R160 differential was used in the Datsun 510, Datsun 610 and most Subarus. It is an Independent Rear Suspension (IRS) setup, and strong enough to handle output from 2 liter engines, even turbocharged ones. Early Subarus and 510 R160s are bolt-in replacements for each other. The ready availability of this system in wrecking yards (Subaru) and the Datsun-ness of it all makes it an intriguing swap possibility. The 510 rear assembly track width only 1-inch wider than a Datsun 1200 rear axle assembly, so perhaps it is possible without narrowing.

Overview

Hitachi makes these differentials. While Hitachi is a Nissan-associated company, Nissan and Fuji have been partners over the years and share some of the same parts. Even to the extent that many Datsun 1200s were made in the Fuji factory (per Cusumano's book).

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Datsun 510 (1600) model series of the Bluebird family is the source of inexpensive IRS donors. It uses the common Hitachi R160 differential as used by the ubiquitous Subarus. The newer 610 (180B) has similar suspension but is a bit wider so less appropriate for a 1200.

Datsunfreak

Datsunfreak swapped 510 IRS into Datsun 1200 coupe: Datsunfreak's IRS swap on Ratsun

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Pigdog

Club member pigdog explored fitting 610 (200B) IRS to his 1200 ute, although eventually he abandoned this idea and fitted a shortened Borg Warner Differential live axle and 4-link suspension.
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Measurements

Track Width:
Datsun 1200 (B110): 49.0 inches (1245 mm)
Datsun 1600 (P510): 50 in
Datsun 240Z (S30): 53 in (1346 mm)

NOTE: track width is measured from the 
center of the tires 
 
It can only equal an axle "hub-to-hub" 
measurement if the wheels have zero Offset.

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Drum-to-drum Width (see Diff Widths)
Datsun B110: 1305 mm
Datsun P510: R160 diff
Datsun V510: 53 in

Can the 2-inch wider 510 difference be mitigated by using highly-positive offset (FWD-style) wheels on the back? 5" wheels with 1" (25mm) offset fit fine under the stock fenders. 5" wheels with 2.5" offset can be had, so theoretically you might be able to fit -- with the right wheels -- a 2" wider axle under the stock 1200 fenders.

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* rear track: 49.0 inches (1245 mm)
* wheel offset: 30 mm positive offset (1.18 inches) 
  mounting face is 30mm outboard of the wheel's center line
* tire width: about 4 inches
* Thus, rear overall width (outside of nominal tread width) is about 
  53 inches (49" track + 4" tire width). 

Actual measurement on my B110 with stock wheels and tire size is 55" (~1397 mm). The difference from the calculated amount above is that the tire sidewalls stick out further than the tire tread.

Drum-to-drum measurement (outside of drum) of the stock B110 H145 assembly can be calculated at 51.36" (49" track + 2 x 1.18" offset) or 1305 mm

Ratios

Datsun 510 (IRS models, i.e. Sedan and Coupe)
* 3.70 - 1968 P510 (1600)
* 3.90 - 1969-1973 P510
* 4.38 - L13, L14 models

Subaru BRAT, Loyale, GL, RX, XT, etc (most pre-1990 models)
* 3.70
* 3.70 with clutch-pack LSD (non-USA models)
* 3.90
* 4.11
* 4.44 

Starting in 2000 a wholesale switch was made to viscous-coupling LSD. Unforuntately the newer units have different stub axles so they are no longer a straight bolt-in for the Datsun 510 diff unless you include new axles.

LSD availability: 
* Clutch-pack LSD is a performance advantage over Viscous-Coupling LSDs
* Viscous-Coupling LSDs are good for all-wheel drive, 
  but not as good as clutch-pack for RWD applications.

See Hafer's article Installing Subaru Limited-Slip Differentials.