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[Datsun 1200 encyclopedia]

Piston

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Category: Engine Mechanical

The Datsun 1200 A12 engine came with slightly dished pistons for approximately 9.0:1 compression ratio. Standard bore size for the A10, A12 and early A13 block is 73mm (2.874 in). Pistons are cast for quietness, and lightness. Nissan Competition does not recommend forged pistons for street use as they are not as close tolerance as the cast pistons (forged pistons are noiser due to larger tolerances required). The A12GX engine used the same dished pistons, except for the "high gas" version which used flattop pistons from the Datsun 1000 Coupe motor.

Contents

Overview

Pistons are connected to the crankshaft via the Connecting Rods.

b77306283bokekoni1964-img600x449-1.jpg b77306283bokekoni1964-img600x449-11.jpg

Datsun 1200 (A12) pistons are modern design of the lightweight slipper type -- unlike the earlier 1200 Bluebird/pickup 60hp engine which used old-design heavy alloy pistons.

light piston from A12
11574.jpgAlbum 11574

heavy piston from older Datsun
AE_17482e.jpg

Specifications

Piston Pin Diameter x Length  to fit Connecting Rods
A10/A12: 17.45 mm x 65.5 mm
A14/A15/A12A: 19.00 mm x 63 mm

Pin Height (Compression Height)
A10/A12/A13/A14: 32.5 mm
A15: 30 mm

Piston length
A12/A13: 67.40 mm
A14: 67.5 mm
A15: 65.00 mm
CLEARANCE, Piston to cylinder wall
cast (stock pistons):
 A12:     0.0009-0.0017"
 A14/A15: 0.0010-0.0018"
forged: Use manufacturer's suggestion
 typical: 0.0050-0.0070"
CLEARANCE, Piston to valve
* See POST discussion

20677_57942d4967c3c.jpgPost 480071

GX Pistons

A12GX Engine came with two kinds of pistons:

  • dished for low-gas (regular octane) engine
  • flat-top for high-gas (high octane) engine

11573.jpgAlbum click to view 11574.jpgAlbum click to view 11572.jpgAlbum click to view

Piston Comparisons/Potential Swaps

Also see:
* Justy Piston Swap for 1607cc A15 engine
* Bored And Stroked for performance oversize pistons

KB10 and 1200GX Engine - flattop
KB10_piston.jpg 12010-H2366.jpg
1mm oversize

A12 STD and 1200GX low-gas
A12_piston_STD.jpg 12010-H1065.jpg A12_piston_1.jpg

1.0mm oversize A12
A12_piston.jpg A12_piston74.jpg

A14 Cosworth pistons
305_501ffdd726af7.jpgPost 414840 305_501ffdfd3c44b.jpgPost 414840

A14 early
A14_piston735.jpg sunny_a14_piston_set.jpg

A14 76mm Piston
8191.jpgAlbum click to view

A14 early quench head - deep dish
A14_piston_B310.jpg

A14 late model for quench head
A14_piston.jpg

A14 76.85mm Tomei Piston
20521.jpgAlbum click to view

A15 Piston (small dish - early A15)
DSC03456-1.jpg

A15 Pistons (late A15 H98 quench type vs round-port A15)
4712.jpgAlbum click to view

A15 late model
A15_piston.jpg DSCN9905.jpg

A14 79mm from Matsuoka
DSC_0253.jpg DSC_0252.jpg DSC_0251.jpg DSC_0250.jpg DSC_0249-1.jpg DSC_0246.jpg DSC_0239.jpg DSC_0242.jpg DSC_0243-1.jpg DSC_0244.jpg DSC_0245.jpg DSC_0240-1.jpg DSC_0241-1.jpg

Forged Pistons

The downside of forged pistons is noise and wear. But they do hold up to massive stress, so good for turbocharged engines or high-RPM racing engine.

1984 Nissan Competition Catalog
Nissan Competition does not recommend forged pistons for street use.

ARIAS forged pistons a12 +040 with floating pins, teflon buttons
7484.jpgAlbum click to view 7483.jpgAlbum click to view 7485.jpgAlbum click to view

Arias forged pistons with press wrist pins and rings $175 each (2008)
8172.jpgAlbum click to view

Venolia forged flattops
16493.jpgAlbum click to view

Kameari A14+3mm (79 mm)
KAMEARI_A14-79_a.jpg KAMEARI_A14-79_b.jpg KAMEARI_A14-79_c.jpg KAMEARI_A14-79_d.jpg KAMEARI_A14-79_e.jpg

Wiseco
13014.jpgAlbum 13014

Suppliers

  • Datrats (Australia) is listing A14 oversize Tomei forged pistons
  • JE Pistons -- custom order
  • JP Pistons (Australia) -- custom order pistons
  • Malvern Racing
    JE and Wiseco forged pistons
  • HP engineering (Rhode Island). Phone 401-789-6700
    A12 std. Cosworth race pistons with pins (19mm)
    A12 +0.040 Cosworth race pistons with pins (17mm).
    Nissan Competition no longer carries these.
  • Nissan
    76mm race pistons sold by Nissan under the number 12010-A14STD. These are used in the A12A engine when it is bored close to its maximum +0.040 inch overbore.
  • PAECO These folke are real nice people lots of A-series goodies, custom order pistons, and a great price for the hi perf valve spring, pushrod and lifters, and some nice cam grinds .You can request a catalog via E-mail. Custom order $460/set
  • Peter Zekert - click to see current available pistons
  • Ross Racing pistons (California) $359 without wrist pins and domed for $391 also sans pins
  • Wiseco
  • Venolia (part number 10400 for standard pistons, $67 each in 2008). They told me on the phone a while back that they would make me any piston I wanted for about $86.00 each but they may be more by now

PISTON RINGS

A12A +0.040" over (1.0 mm oversize) is the same as stock A14 pistons

Part Numbers

12010 Piston with Pin
12033 Ring Set

1200

See Piston, Crank & Rod Part Numbers
12010-H1001/H1011 PISTON SET-with pin A12 regular, A12 GX-low
12010-18021/H2301 PISTON SET-with pin A12 GX-high
12033-B3040 RING SET-piston A12 all

SET-RING PISTON STD - 73mm bore
12033-H1002
12033-B3040 ^12033-H1002
ITM Part # 51283.STD RPB Standard size Alternate # 021-1335
Interchange: 
* B110 1970-1973
* B210 1974 A13
* 410, 411 Sedan & Wagon, 1200cc, 1300cc 1964-1968
* 520, 521 J13 Pick-up Truck, 1300cc 1965-1969
** Replaces Nissan 12033-H6200, 12033-19100, 12033-B3040
SET-PISTON WITH PIN STD (Source: USA catalog)
12010-H1001
12010-H1011 0672- ^12010-H1001

Nissan Competition Parts

NOTE: 99996- part numbers are Nissan Competition
Nissan Competition Catalog
Competition198437.jpg
A12/A13 FACTORY CAST FLAT-TOP PISTONS
12010-H2361 73MM/2.874" PISTON
12010-H2310 73MM/2.874" PISTON 
* Similar to 12010-12361 except for valve reliefs 
  for increased piston-to-valve clearance
12010-12364 73.5/2.894" PISTON
12010-H2366 74mm/2.913" PISTON

12010-H2366 pistons (4) +1.00 mm over size
12010-H2366.jpg

Cylinder wall thickness should be checked by sonic testing when increasing initial bore size in excess of 1 mm/.03937". Standard bore size for the A12 or A13 block is 73mm/2.874".

PISTON RING SET
12033-H6200 RING SET FOR 12010-H2361 STD
12033-H6200 RING SET FOR 12010-H2310 STD
12035-H6200 RING SET FOR 12010-H2364 +0.5
12037-H6200 RING SET FOR 12010-H2366 +1.0
ARIAS FORGED RACING PISTONS
All of the forged pistons are of the dome-top design. Modifications must be made to the spark plug side of the combustion chamber for proper clearance. The compression ratio will vary depending on the swept volume of the engine and amount of material removed from the cylinder head. Piston-to-wall clearance for forged pistons should be approximately.005" to .007". All forged pistons use a full-floating .750" pin retained by Teflon buttons. For this reason the A12 and A12A pistons require the use of the A12A connecting rod (12100-H8500). Also, the A13 and A14 pistons require the use of the A14 connecting rod (12100-H7200). Because of the full-floating pin the small end of the rod should be sized with a clearance of .0006" to .0009". End gap for the top ring should be .012" to .015". The second ring should have an end gap of .010" to .013". Clearance on the oil scraper ring is not critical. Forged pistons are not recommended for street use
PART NO. DESCRIPTION QTY REQ. 
99996-H1017 73MM/2.874" A12/A13 PISTON          4
 99996-H1027 RING SET FOR 99996-H1017           1
 99996-H1022 REPLACEMENT PIN FOR 99996-H1017	 4
 99996-H1123 REPLACEMENT BUTTON FOR 99996-H1017 8 
99996-H1011 74MM/2.913" A12/A13 PISTON	         4
 99996-H1021 RING SET FOR 99996-H1011	         1
 99996-H1022 REPLACEMENT PIN FOR 99996-H1011	 4
 99996-H1127 REPLACEMENT BUTTON FOR 99996-H1011 8
99996-H1060 76MM/2.992" A12A/A14 PISTON 	 4
 99996-H1065 RING SET FOR 99996-H1060           1
 99996-H1022 REPLACEMENT PIN FOR 99996-H1060    4
 99996-H1124 REPLACEMENT BUTTON FOR 99996-H1060 1 
99996-H1061 76.75MM/3.022" A14 PISTON           4
 99996-H1067 RING SET FOR 99996-H1061
 * This ring set is designed for 77mm/3.032" pistons, 
   therefore, some sizing will be necessary to achieve 
   the proper end gap.
 99996-H1022 REPLACEMENT PIN FOR 99996-H1061    4
 99996-H1023 REPLACEMENT BUTTON FOR 99996-H1061 8
99996-H1062 77MM/3.032" A14 PISTON	         4
 99996-H1067 RING SET FOR 99996-H1062	         1
 99996-H1022 REPLACEMENT PIN FOR 99996-H1062	 4
 99996-H1126 REPLACEMENT BUTTON FOR 99996-H1062 8

COSWORTH FORGED RACING PISTONS
The only exception to the information provided in the above paragraph <for Arias pistons> is that the Cosworth piston still utilizes circlips to retain the full floating piston pin.

PART NO.	DESCRIPTION 	   QTY REQ 
99996-H1170 76MM/2.992" A12A/A14 PISTON 4
99996-H1175 RING SET FOR 99996-H1170    1

Other A12

B310 JPN 
12010-H1061 Van
C20 Vanette
12010-18011 [flattop]
12010-18021 > 12010-18011

A12A

A12A 75mm bore 1237cc

B310 JPN (S,K "A12", replaced by A13 8011)
12010-H8511 JPN -7901 <2,0> 12010-H8521
12010-H8521 JPN 7910-8010
12010-H9012 USA 0879-0780,CAN ALL YEARS <> 12010-H9022 <> 12010-H9001
12010-H9502 USA 0880- <> 12010-H9512

A13 Tall Block

USA B210 model year 1974 (from July 1973 to Oct 1974)
12010-H6201 SET-PISTON WITH PIN STD
12010-H6211 SET-PISTON WITH PIN STD <> 12010-H6201

L61-4374 A13 +030" oversize
L61-4373_A13030.jpg

A13 Short Deck

12010-H8661 B310 JPN

Factory A14 pistons came in several versions with differing piston dishes.

19508.jpgAlbum 19508

Dish: Small vs Large (large used with wedge chambers on FU Engine)
19795.jpgAlbum 19795

Late high-Quench offset dish
19796.jpgAlbum 19796

H72 5.37 mm dish
12010-H7284 STD
* STD GFU EARLY 1276-0777
* STD CAN 0877-
H75 JAPAN B210
* 12010-H7511
H76 4.08 mm dish
12010-H7684 STD
* STD GFU LATE 0877-
H87 Offset Dish
* 12010-H8702 A14 B310 FED 0880- 
H89
H92 EFI piston (flattop?)
USA B210 A14 (See A-series Engine Changes)
SET-PISTON WITH PIN
NON-GFU EXCEPT CAN 1978
12010-H7211 STD <> 12010-H7711 <> Sealed Power 12158P
* H721x B210 -0977
*       F10
* H771x B210 1077- <> 12010-H7211 <> Sealed Power 12146P 
B310 USA
12010-H7284 A14 CAN
12010-H7684 A14 KFU -0779
12010-H7685 A14 FED 0879-0780 <> Sealed Power 12147P
                CAL
12010-H8702 A14 FED 0880-
B310 JPN A14
12010-H7511 V.-7909
12010-H7685 V.7910-
12010-H8911 S,K+AT <2,0> 12010-H8931
12010-H8931 S,K.7910-8010
12010-H9211 A14E -7909 <2,0> 12010-H9221
12010-H9221 A14E 7910-8010

A10 JPN with A14
12010-H7511 -7803, Van 7804-7906 <2,0> 12010-H7685
12010-H7685 Van 7907-
12010-H8911 S,K.7804-7811 <2,0> 12010-H8921
12010-H8921 S,K.7812-7901 <2,0> 12010-H8931
12010-H8931 S,K.7902-

A15

12010-H9718 A15 B310 CAN 0879- 
12010-H9704 A15 B310 FED -0779 [centered dish, shallow]
12010-H9704.jpg
12010-H9714 A15 B310 FED 0879-0780 [centered dish, deep]
                     CAL -9780
                     CAN 0879-
                     150Y 1979-1982
12010-H9802 A15 CAL 0880- [offset dish]
12010-H9802.jpg
12010-G3421 A15S JPN 8011- [Offset dish]
12010-H9261 A15E JPN 8011- [Offset dish]

24811.jpgAlbum 24811 16063_59a26c3295da3.jpgPost click for topic

E15 Piston

E15 engine (1983-up SOHC) piston share similar dimensions to A15, but uses a different kind of dish. Possibly they might work in A15 engine.

Bore: 76 mm (same as A15)
Compression Height: 32.5 mm (same as A15)
Piston Pin: 19 mm (same as A15)

174_56de2b1b60f38.jpgPost 477018

E1 Piston

Old-tech E1 engine piston with full skirts may be used in the A12 engine, but it is heavier, and not certified for 6400 RPM use (the stock A12 redline).

1958-1964 Blubird 211/311/312/410
E1 engine (1189 cc) 73 mm flat-top
* AE 17482
* Kolbenschmidt 91 071 600

AE brand 17482 +0.75 mm pistons placed in Nissan box
26398.jpgAlbum 26398

AE_17482a.jpg AE_17482b.jpg AE_17482c.jpg AE_17482d.jpg AE_17482e.jpg

The Nissan box belong to the modern slipper-skirt pistons

12010-H1016 PISTON SET-with pin (1.00 over size) (Reg Gas)
* (from '72-6) ALL (exc. GX-H)

Using T-slot like early Datsun B10 (A10 engine) pistons.
24385.jpgAlbum 24385

Kolbenschmidt listing
KS_piston.jpg

Rings

Standard equipment was Cast Iron rings, which work well and seal good -- you can't go wrong with cast iron rings. Chrome rings are available, but need a finer cylinder hone.

It is not mandatory to hone a block when your using new piston rings. As long as you can visibly see the crosshatch, then you will not experience any problems. As always when rebuilding, check the cylinder for trueness and straightness (it may need to be re-bored even if the hone finish is good).

Ring Type
A12/A13, early A14: 2.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 4.0 mm oil
A15/A14 late:       1.2 mm, 2.0 mm, 4.0 mm oil

It is critical to install the rings right side up
132a.jpg

Positioning

There is several ways to "do it right", and so you'll find different diagrams. All the ways involve staggering the gaps.

The Datsun 1200 factory service manual (1973 edition) doesn't seem to cover this, you would normally follow the ring manufacturer's instructions. The Nissan B310 FSM has a circa 1980 recommendation. Your ring manufacturer may have a slightly different suggestion. Either way will be correct.

The thrust side of the engine (Major Thrust Side) refers to the side hit hardest during the power stroke (the other side is the Minor Thrust side). This is also why pistons are marked with an 'F' (for front) -- so that the piston's major thrust side will be installed correctly.

B310 Factory Service manual
17392_5787fa1ce8f4b.jpgPost 479882

Oil Ring is composed of three pieces
174_578823d955dc2.jpgPost 479882

service_ring_placement.jpg

Part Numbers

B110 A12
12033-H6201 SET-RING PISTON STD A12 > 12033-H6200 > 12033-H1002
for oversizes, see Piston, Crank & Rod Part Numbers
* Goetze/Federal-Mogul 08-291400-00
* NPR SWN30026ZZ > 12033-H6211
* Hastings 2C6714 Hastings 6714 or 2C6714 Chrome $37 set
  * Nissan A12
  * Mitsubishi 4G33/4G30
* Replaces: 12033-01302/12033-01303, 12033-10600/12033-10601, 12033-10800
  12033-13900/12033-13901, 12033-19100, 12033-B3040 (J13)
B210 with A13
12033-H6200 SET-RING PISTON STD <> 12033-B3040
12033-B3040 SET-RING,PISTON (STD SIZE, RIK-VENT)12K
* also used by Datsun 520 with J13 engine
C20
12033-13201 SET-RING, piston (RIK-VENT)
12033-H1101 (RIK-VENT) > 12033-13201
12033-13203
A10 with A14
12033-H7200 -8003
12033-H9910 8004- <> 12033-H7200
1978-1979 GFU, CAN A15 1979-1980
12033-H7680 SET-RING PISTON STD GFU 0877-
12035-H7680 SET-RING PISTON (0.5 MM OVERSIZE) GFU 0877-
12037-H7680 SET-RING PISTON (1.0 MM OVERSIZE) GFU 0877-
* B210 EXCEPT 1978 GFU
* F10
* B310 USA     -0779 [1979 model year]
* B310 CAN 0879-0880 [1980-1981]
12033-H7200 STD
12035-H7200 0.5 MM OVERSIZE
12037-H7200 1.0 MM OVERSIZE
1980
* B310 0879-0780
12033-H9900 STD <> 12033-H9910
1981-1982 A14/A15
* B310 USA 0880-
* B310 CAN A14
12033-H9800 STD <> 12033-H9810
12033-H8915
* A15 1279-0780

Interchange

A12
MAZDA 1976-1978 
* GLC 1977-1978 L4-1272cc 1.3L 2 BBL Vin TC
* MIZER 1976-1977 L4-1272cc 1.3L 2 BBL Vin TC 
NISSAN/DATSUN 1967-1974 
* B110 1200 1971-1973 
* B210 1974 L4-1288cc 1.3L 2 BBL Vin A13 
* PICKUP 520 1967-1968 L4-1299cc 1.3L 2 BBL Vin J13 
* PICKUP 521 1968-1969 L4-1299cc 1.3L CARB Vin J13 
A12A
Standard Size Piston Rings - Cast Iron Rings;  Bore 75mm"; 8-2.0mm Comp and 4-4.0mm Oil Rings. 
* SEALED POWER #E-362X.STD, 9469X.
* Hastings #2M-6813
  Fits:
  * 1979-1982 Datsun/Nissan 210 4 cyl. 1.2L 1237cc A12A engine
  * 1971 & Up Mazda 4 cyl. 1.5L 1484cc UA engine
  * 1968-1969 Toyota Corolla 4 cyl. 1.1L 1077cc KC engine
  * 1969-1979 Toyota Corolla 4 cyl. 1.2L 1166cc 3KC engine
  * 1981-1982 Toyota Starlet 4 cyl. 1.3L 1290cc 4KC engine

Damage

Detonation (too much spark advance) causes broken ring lands.
19359.jpgAlbum 19359

Evidence of detonation can be seen in the combustion chamber:
19347.jpgAlbum 19347

Piston top disintegrated
1730.jpgAlbum 1730

Rod pulled the center out of the piston
17120.jpgAlbum 17120 

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